The meeting followed speaker contributions from the two officials to a high level panel debate on European Energy Security which took place at the Seventh Atlantic Council Energy and Economic Summit in Istanbul, Turkey. During the meeting, Dr. Rusnák briefed the Special Envoy on the latest developments in the Energy Charter Process which have followed on from the Ministerial Conference on the adoption of the International Energy Charter in the Hague, the Netherlands last May. This included recent trends on the Energy Charter Expansion and Outreach activities, particularly in relation to engagement of China, as well as other states in Asia and the Middle East. Further, the possibility of addressing the issue of non-discrimination in the pre-investment phase was discussed, within framework of the ongoing modernisation of the Energy Charter Process. The two officials also exchanged views on the positive nature in which relations between the United States and the Energy Charter have developed during the last 12 months. Interest in the Energy Charter Treaty has risen in the United States following the promulgation of the YUKOS award in mid-2014 and the international ‘awakening’ of the Energy Charter. The United States is an observer to the Energy Charter Conference and signed the International Energy Charter in The Hague earlier this year.